Indecisiveness and fear of making the wrong decision.Perceiving situations and events as threatening, even when they aren’t.Overthinking plans and solutions to all possible worst-case outcomes.Persistent worrying or anxiety about a number of areas that are out of proportion to the impact of the events.The worry does not match reality and it is considered way out of proportion for any given situation.Īccording to the Mayo Clinic, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Symptoms can Vary from one person to another, but there are some common physical symptoms that someone with GAD might experience: People with GAD tend to expect disaster and can’t stop worrying about their medical condition, financial related problems, their family or their work. Generalized Anxiety Disorder is characterized by exaggerated or excessive worry about daily life activities or events with no apparent reason to worry. The amygdala and other limbic structures are connected to our pre-frontal cortex regions which are said to be involved in planning, decision making and inhibiting socially unacceptable behaviors. One of them is the amygdala, which has been said to intervene in emotional responses such as fear and anxiety.Ĭurrent imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging or fMRI, used in research studies, have identified a heightened response from the amygdala when being exposed to things or situations that potentially generate anxiety symptoms. When we have an intense physiological response to a situation or object that we qualify as harmful or dangerous, our brain starts activating certain regions. In this case, your body reacts and makes the response by attacking the person in front of you or it can make go the other way and run as fast as possible.
Then your brain decides if we should fight or run to protect our physical integrityĪs mentioned, we need this type of physiological response to ensure our survival when we come in contact with something potentially dangerous.įor example, let’s say you are walking down the street and someone comes up to you and takes a very sharp machete and threatened to kill you if you don’t give him your wallet. When we feel threatened or we perceive a situation is potentially dangerous, then our body reacts by releasing adrenaline and other chemicals into our bloodstream which will eventually increase your heart rate, make you sweat, sharpen our senses and heighten our physical abilities. In this version compared to the DSM 4, Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder were removed from the anxiety disorders category and moved into their own. The disorders included in this category are: separation anxiety disorder, selective mutism, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder, substance-induced anxiety and anxiety disorder due to another medical condition. We then consider the clinical implications of changes in DSM-5 related to these issues.DSM 5 Anxiety disorders are grouped to include disorders that share the same excessive fear and anxiety-related behaviors. We then review a number of these changes, including (1) the primary name of the disorder, (2) the increased emphasis on fear of negative evaluation, (3) the importance of sociocultural context in determining whether an anxious response to a social situation is out of proportion to the actual threat, (4) the diagnosis of SAD in the context of a medical condition, and (5) the way in which we think about variations in the presentation of SAD (the specifier issue). In this paper, we first provide a brief history of the diagnosis. With the publication of DSM-5, the diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder (SAD, also known as social phobia) have undergone several changes, which have important conceptual and clinical implications.
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